Air Passenger Duty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Air Passenger Duty - Essay Example The value amount balance with APD =  £11, is appeared by focuses An and B in Fig: 1. The passage that the purchasers pay is given by Pd1 and the sum that the merchants get is appeared by Ps1. The contrast between these two costs, given by AB (=  £11), is gathered as the obligation expense per unit by the legislature. The balance gracefully of the short-pull trips is Q1. Presently with the climb in APD, request bend falls further to D2. As once more, the vertical separation somewhere in the range of D2 and D0 is  £12. The new harmony amount and costs are presently given by the focuses C and D. Tolls that the purchasers pay is presently Pd2 and the dealers get as much as Ps2. Again the contrast between these two costs, for example Disc (=â £12) is taken as the obligation expense per unit by the administration. The balance amount of short take trips currently diminishes to Q2. Therefore the whole impact of this choice can be summed up underneath: From the society’s perspective the dead weight reduction from the tax assessment additionally rises. With APD =  £11, it is equivalent to the zone of the triangle ABE, however with the climb of  £1 in APD, the dead weight reduction will be equivalent to the region of the bigger triangle CDE. Henceforth the deadweight misfortune or the misfortune in social government assistance gathers with this choice (Mankiw, 2008, p. 164). Subsequently the buyers’ cost will increase precisely by the climb in the pace of expense, for example  £1, just if Ed = 0, which implies the value versatility of interest is equivalent to zero which further implies that the interest bend is vertical and completely inelastic. If there should be an occurrence of completely inelastic interest the purchasers won't attempt to search for choices regardless of whether the cost of that ware rises. They won't attempt to move their utilization to somewhere else without any problem. Makers will, in such cases, attempt to exploit buyers’ solid tendency towards their item. They will pass the whole weight of expanded charges onto the purchasers effectively. Accordingly if the interest is totally inelastic, purchasers need to shoulder the whole weight of

Key Areas of Management Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

The Urban Underclass Challenging THe Myths ABout Americas Urban Poor

The Urban Underclass: Challenging THe Myths ABout America's Urban Poor Paul Peterson and Christopher Jencks, co editors of The Urban Underclass, and William Julius Wilson, a supporter of the book, will lead an open conference from 2 to 4 p.m. Tuesday, April 16, in the Brookings amphitheater. Discussants will incorporate James Johnson of UCLA, Charles Murray of the American Enterprise Institute and Isabel Sawhill of the Urban Institute. The meeting is available to press and other intrigued parties. In the event that you intend to join in, it would be ideal if you call 202/797 6105. ____________________________________________________________________________ FOR RELEASE: April 16, 1991 CONTACT: Paul Peterson, 617/495 8312 or Christopher Jencks, 708/491 8724 or Lisa Pullen, Assistant Public Affairs Director, 202/797 6105 Palatino Customary way of thinking declares that the United States is seeing a critical extension of its urban underclass, that constantly poor level of the populace occupying Americas focal urban communities. Among the patterns refered to: An unavoidable ascent in the level of high schooler agers who are unmarried moms, detonating government assistance rolls, and armies of secondary school dropouts committed always to joblessness. However none of these discernments is valid, as per another Brookings book, The Urban Underclass. Altered by Christopher Jencks of Northwestern University and Paul E. Peterson of Harvard, this arrangement of expositions endeavors to isolate the truth about neediness, social separation and changes in American family life from the fantasies that have become some portion of contemporary fables. As per various pointers the underclass is contracting, composes Peterson in his early on article. A higher level of the minority populace is accepting secondary school recognitions, a littler level of youngsters is having babies without any father present, the two blacks and whites are encountering less wrongdoings submitted against them, and the utilization of medications is declining. Maybe it isn't so much that the circumstance is disintegrating as that Americans' social desires are rising. The editors find that the most inconvenient part of destitution, the ascent in the level of kids living in destitution, is because of the ascent in female headed family units and the decrease in the income of youngsters. The United States has a bigger number of youngsters living in destitution than seven other industrialized countries utilized for examination. In 1987, University of Chicago humanist William Julius Wilson book, The Truly Disadvantaged introduced orderly proof of a developing centralization of the minority poor in enormous urban areas, monetarily and socially disengaged from standard society. The Urban Underclass unites 19 articles by sociologists, financial experts, political researchers, and approach examiners in a trial of Wilson's hypotheses, just as those in other late works, including Charles Murray 1984 book entitled Losing Ground. In his article, editorial manager Jencks shows that destitution rates declined from 1959 to 1974, however then advancement halted. Neediness has not gotten progressively kept to blacks comprised 31% of the poor in 1988, a similar rate as in 1967. Dark neediness has, be that as it may, become increasingly urban, making it progressively noticeable to assessment pioneers, Jencks composes. A Different Kind of Underclass Jencks finds that destitution has not expanded, yet has just changed. The extent of people with family salaries underneath the destitution line, which had fallen consistently from 1940 to 1970, has not changed much since 1970, Jencks composes. Just the character of neediness has changed. It has gotten less basic among the old and increasingly basic among youngsters. Destitution has additionally gotten increasingly focused among families in which the head doesn't work consistently. He contends that while a few issues tormenting the poor male joblessness and expanding quantities of single parent families have deteriorated, others, for example, government assistance reliance and high school pregnancy have shown signs of improvement. Jencks finds that blacks, regularly observed as making up the underclass, established 45% of all government assistance beneficiaries in 1969. By 1987, the rate had tumbled to 40%. What has changed, Jencks composes, are the purposes behind being poor. In 1968, 74% of the poor had what Americans think about socially satisfactory reasons old age, physical incapacity, school enlistment and low time-based compensations for being ruined. This figure dropped to 54% in 1987, along these lines lessening open compassion toward poor people, he contends. The papers recognize the effect of ongoing changes in American culture, especially the expansion in female headed family units during the previous 20 years. The pattern leaves an excessive number of youngsters with hindered monetary help, insufficient grown-up management and guidance, bargained security, less choices for building up intergenerational connections and less grown-up good examples, composes Peterson. Extra expositions in The Urban Underclass look at a wide scope of issues concerning poor people, including the effect of financial change, the significance of work economic situations and examples of

Importance of nutrition during the Infancy and Toddler-hood period Essay

Kids are a gift from God and it is along these lines significant that we guarantee that those beloved newborns are very much dealt with. Newborn children are commonly taken to be kids from birth to around one year, and it turns out to be consequently critical to give them most extreme consideration since they are at their most powerless stage throughout everyday life. This consideration ought not exclusively be bound to consideration and love yet above all ought to be the focal point of what and how best to take care of the baby. Researchers have communicated their conviction that what we feed our newborn children may have radical outcomes further down the road. These results incorporate such conditions as diabetes and corpulence and the uncontrolled pace of weight in created nations may very well be an impression of the failure of guardians to take care of their children’s suitably (Fallows and Kingham, 2005). Specialists have expressed completely that child4ren ought to be taken care of milk just during the initial a half year of their lives and it ought to be noticed that blaming this shrewd insight could hazard the wellbeing of these newborn children later on. Bosom milk contains all the fundamental supplements that a newborn child need so as to develop and proper nutrients to help his/her resistant framework top fight off infections. It is critical to take note of that while it is prudent to take care of the newborn child utilizing bosom milk, babies could likewise be taken care of with equation as an enhancement of bosom milk. There are numerous reasons why numerous moms decide to utilize equation to take care of their children. Some basically discover that breastfeeding doesn't work for them either for mental or viable reasons. The requests of life that prompts occupied ways of life neutralize the requirement for moms to be with their kids full time and recipe essentially happens to be a superior other option. Notwithstanding, there are as yet the individuals who express their bosom milk in taking care of containers and the milk is taken care of to the baby by another person who is accessible to think about the little child (Ward, 2009). Newborn children generally need to take care of eight to multiple times in a day since they are developing quickly and the proteins inside the milk are a crucial segment for this development. For those with newborn children who rest a great deal, it is prudent to wake them consistently so as to take care of the since inability to do so may hamper their development. It is likewise prescribed that guardians take their infants to the center to have them gauged and seen to guarantee that they are developing in a solid way and procure imperative data about how best to deal with their children. There are signs to see during the 6th month to connote that the baby is prepared to begin being weaned. This incorporate such period when the infant can sit up, child doesn't dismiss the food put in its mouth, can get food stuffs and stuff it into the mouth and an expanded craving for milk. Children ought to be weaned gradually with a supper for every day and it is critical to proceed with bosom taking care of in any event till one year. A portion of the food which one can take care of and newborn child incorporate grains, delicate organic products, rice and vegetables that can be squashed. Nonetheless, around 10 months newborn children are fit to be acquainted with grown-up nourishments yet such a progress ought to be taken care of with most extreme consideration. As the infant turns into a little child a period which keeps going from between a year to two years, his food needs increments. During this period the little child begins to walk and he requires expanded proteins for development and vitality nourishments to continue his exercises. At this period babies may change their dietary patterns because of changes in development designs. Besides, little children become fussy with regards to specific nourishments and it is nothing to do with ailment. Once more, guardians needs top be cautious about the food they feed the newborn children and little children since some of them may be hypersensitive and disable the wellbeing of this infants. They ought to in this way try looking for data constantly about how best to take care of their kids (Papalia, Wendkos and Duskin, 2007). References Fallows,C. and Karen Kingham, K. (2005). Child and Toddler Food. Murdoch books. Papalia, D. , Wendkos S. and Duskin, R. (2007). A Child’s World: Infancy through Adolescence:11th Ed. McGraw-Hill Ward, E. (2009). What to Feed Your Baby and Toddler. Recovered May 17, 2009 from http://youngsters. webmd. com/manage/what-to-take care of your-child baby.

Organizational Structure Presentation Communication Methods Essay

As the supervisor of Lakeview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center, we are presently going to propose another expansion to our office, we might want to propose another expansion of long haul care benefits just as the transient consideration benefits that we are giving know on the inpatient and outpatient premise. The fate of the development of this organization, profoundly on this new expansion to our office. We will be needing new experienced specialists for zones like treatment, specialists, attendants and instructors that will work with the patients and their families. Correspondence, should be our main factor to finding the correct people for the employments, and the development inside the network also. Our correspondence ought to be straightforward and exact. Compelling correspondence is significant and we should all be on the same wavelength. Initiative ought to include great correspondence, and they ought to stroll around conversing with workers, thusly you will perceive what the ir abilities are in this field and will improve the development inside and remotely. Powerful interior correspondence should begin with having great listening abilities, addressing aptitudes just as criticism. Imparting data to the staff is a decent powerful correspondence. Â When it comes to interior relationship in the human services setting, the most notable individual is the patient the person who has the requirements that we have to ensure they get. The principle purpose for this is on the grounds that obtaining incorporation has prompted increasingly thorough assessment of help administrations. There is likewise a better standard of client care that we will understanding as purchasers. The outer connections that must be considered in the making of this drawn out consideration are: state, neighborhood and the federalâ government. Each of these have their own guidelines that we have to know and follow. You ought to likewise know about the purchaser backing program too, to ensure that the customer is getting the most ideal consideration. We likewise need to ensure that the correct preparing and employing is done too, with such an excess of being said this is my proposition of the new expansion to the office.

Order of Research Paper APA

Order of Research Paper APAAsking yourself what kind of order of research paper APA is will help you decide on the subject matter for the dissertation. To help in this, a background of the APA and some reading knowledge is necessary. Since it is an exam to get a Ph.D., there are several levels of the test that you may be required to pass.In order to pass, you should use the order of research paper APA. The objectives of the examination include to test your knowledge and understanding of the study of any type of area in the field of your choice. In the most basic level, there is the letter B Paper, which is divided into a number of questions that focus on basic science areas. The higher the level, the more questions you will have to answer. Therefore, as you look into the objectives of the order of research paper APA, consider which type of questions you will have to answer to get the best score.Before you begin the preparation, try to understand your own style and the idea of a thesi s. When you write for the APA, you should try to learn as much as you can about the body of your dissertation as well as the professor who will be reading your work. You will be surprised to find out that this type of degree requires a large amount of pre-planning.Some people view work done for the examination as an experience. As you work on a dissertation, you will be forced to go beyond what you feel comfortable with. This may include coming up with the study guide that will reflect your personal interests.There are numerous choices that you can make when it comes to creating a research paper that will help you pass the APA. You can choose to put together a review paper or work with a professional writing service, but before you do this, make sure that you have first completed the basics for writing a dissertation, in addition to knowing the tests you will need to take.Remember that the order of research paper APA does not determine the type of dissertation that you will be requi red to create. Therefore, you will have the opportunity to take courses to get better information about what types of studies you will need to take in order to succeed with the APA.That is why it is important to consider how you will approach the order of research paper APA. If you want to focus on specific subjects or topics, the order of research paper APA is an excellent way to come up with a study guide that reflects your passion.

Recent Hurricanes Hurricane Katrina - 825 Words

Recent Hurricanes: Hurricane Katrina (Essay Sample) Content: Hurricane KatrinaNameInstitutional AffiliationHurricane Katrina was the most costly natural disaster and one of the deadliest hurricanes in the United States history. Hurricane Katrina is currently ranked as the third most intense land falling tropical cyclones in the United States after Hurricane Camille in 1969 and the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane. The storm started over the Bahamas on 23rd August 2005 and headed westward towards Florida gaining strength and making land folds. Hurricane Katrina lasted for approximately eight days from 23rd August to 31st 2005 (Brown, 2015). The hurricane majorly impacted on seven states, namely; Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi and Ohio. Hurricane Katrina significantly affected the earth, caused millions of dollars worth of property and incurred one of the highest death tolls.Ten years later after Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast and New Orleans; it is still not certain how many people died. There are stil l no memorial listings of the names of the people who died in the storm. There is no way of knowing how many people remain unaccounted for. The storm killed fourteen people in Florida, 1 in Kentucky, 238 in Mississippi, 2 in Alabama, 2 in Georgia, 2 in Ohio and 1,577 in Louisiana. However, in Louisiana, 135 people were categorized as missing and the exact cause of many fatalities remain unknown. The total death toll is estimated at 1836 people. Many deaths were categorized as indirect. A report presented by the Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness showed that approximately 966 deaths were directly associated with the hurricane in Louisiana (Price, 2013). The report also indicated another 20 deaths were indirect.Hurricane Katrina is reported to be the most destructive storm to hit the United States. The storm is the most costly in the history of the United States. 108 billion dollars worth of damages was reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOA A). State wise, the damage in south Florida was around 523 million dollars most of it due to crop damage. There was severe destruction in the Gulf Coast mostly due to storm surge and levee failure. In coastal areas there was severe property damage with over 90% of property flooded (Price, 2013). Boats rammed into buildings pushing houses and cars inland. In New Orleans 80% of the city was flooded with flood waters lingering for weeks. In the same city, the storm caused breaches in drainage and navigational canals. Breaches in flood walls caused the majority of the flooding. Oil production was halted and oil prices increased worldwide. Destruction of electricity poles also resulted from the hurricane. Many people were exposed to an electricity blackout across the states hit by hurricane Katrina.Hurricane Katrina also caused a number of effects on the earth and the environment also. Such effects include oil spillage, contamination of clean waters with sewage, destruction of crops and floods. Large amounts of raw oil made its way to New Orleans. Moreover, oil spills from coastal refineries, offshore rigs and gas stations also managed to reach residential areas in New Orleans. Analytical reports have indicated that oil gallons estimated at seven million spilled across the affected region (Price, 2013). A significant amount of raw and industrial sewage also contaminated the clean waters. Consequently, the floods caused soil erosion and landslides leading to destruction of crops and also trees. Heavy metals, household waste, pesticides and other toxic metals were all part of the mixture of raw sewage that greatly polluted the water sources and the environment at large.Currently, the United States is still fixing the effects left behind by the Hurricane. Emphasize are mostly put on plugging levee leaks, repairing sewage systems, clearing debris and also repairing water and drainage systems. Long-term solutions are being put into place so as to return the states affec ted by the hurricane back on their feet. Hurricane Katrina was predicted in an excellent time frame. The problem however lied on the constructions of the levee. The engineers responsible used weak construction materials in order to save on the coast. The right measures are being taken to ensure that the right construct...

Minimum Wage Essay - 2213 Words

Introduction This critical literature review will focus on the impact of the National Minimum Wage on employment. This is an area we have had to familiarise ourselves with more and more throughout the last ten years because of the controversial effect of its instalment in April 1999 and its ever increasing minimum wage amount which causes most concern. The application of a few statistics should help summarise the ever increasing minimum wage and the sheer scale of people affected by its introduction. The national minimum wage has increased by a staggering 59% in the last ten years; from  £3.60 in April 1999 to  £5.73 in October 2008. (HRM, 2008) According to George Sayers Bain (1999) as from April 1999, the year of its instalment , â€Å"some†¦show more content†¦Research from Wilson (1989) has suggested it could lead to consequential job losses. To support Wilson’s suggestion, that a negative effects exists, is the assumption derived from the supply and demand theory. Illustrated below is a diagram similar to that of the research of Power P (2005). When you raise the cost of something (i.e. the minimum wage), demand to employ more workers declines which therefore would imply a negative effect on employment. Cox’s (1999, cited by Pavlenkov, 1999) implementation of the supply and demand theory is more mind friendly, Just as a worker will only offer his labor time for a wage he finds beneficial, an employer will only be willing to pay workers a wage that permits him to earn a profit. The higher the wage, the fewer workers the employer will employ. This is what economists mean when they invoke the law of supply and demand. Inevitably many studies openly criticise this whole supply and demand theory. Card and Krueger (1995, cited in George Sayers Bain, 1998) were amongst the first economists to argue and diminish suggestions that the minimum wage would lead to job loss. They were in fact in complete contrast to this view as evidence collected, with regards to the fast food industry of various states in the USA, implied that in those states where minimum wages were enforced triggered employment growth whilst those states not enforced by the law to use the minimum wage didn’t indicate any growth. Whereas leadingShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage And The Wage916 Words   |  4 PagesEliminate the Minimum Wage Darity Has described minimum wage as: â€Å"Minimum-wage legislation has been to improve the terms of employment of the least-fortunate wage earners.† (Darity) Since the beginning of minimum wage laws in 1270 France the intentions of minimum wage legislation has been good. The idea is that a worker is worth a certain amount regardless of the work they are able to do. One can see how this could create inefficiencies in an economy. The law was meant to help poor families.Read MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages Minimum wage requires paying every employee a specific wage regardless of the employee productivity. It is the responsibility of the government to set the minimum wage. To understand this, a biology analogy can be used: some animals are stronger compared to others. In economic perspective, some people are relatively unable to deliver compared to others. Among them include, disabled, unskilled, and the youth. Due to their low productivity, th ey are entitled lower wages corresponding to their effortsRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesRoyer Political Science 120 7 November 2016 Increase Minimum Wage Introduction The United States’ minimum wage has been a concerning issue amongst the low wage earners because of the amount they earn is not enough for them to live on their own. Therefore causing the citizens who earn minimum wage to have an impossible time finding a place to stay and expenses for daily survival. Increasing the minimum wage will solve the issues that the minimum wage earners make, thus increasing the chances of survivalRead MoreThe Wage Is The Minimum Wage1098 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 9 6/5/16 â€Å"The minimum wage is the minimum hourly wage an employer can pay an employee for work. Currently, the federal minimum wage is $7.25 an hour (part of the Fair Labor Standards Act) and some states and cities have raised their minimum wage even higher than that.† minimum wage was first introduced during the great depression in 1930s. Before it was introduced thousands of people were forced to work in horrible conditions for pennies a week. Early attempts on minimum wage was ruled unconstitutionalRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1437 Words   |  6 Pages Minimum wage was established on October 24, 1938 after President Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act. (Grossman) Minimum wage was set to allow working class citizens an opportunity to work a reasonable amount of hours for pay that would enable individuals to maintain a minimal quality life. In today’s economics minimum wage is used as a price control or price floor that the government enforces. A price floor is a minimum price for a product or service above the market’s equilibrium priceRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1269 Words   |  6 PagesMinimum Wage There are a lot of people around the world who struggle with money and a satisfactory way of life. Whether they be in the United States or across the globe, there is a standard minimum wage set for the working class of their country. In the Unites States, there is a federal minimum wage of seven dollars and twenty five cents per hour worked. Almost every state has another set minimum wage, which typically is a little higher than the federal minimum wage, but it cannot be lower thanRead MoreThe Wage Of The Minimum Wage871 Words   |  4 PagesWith the presidential elections right around the corner policy on minimum wage has come up for debate once again. William Hoar from The New American argues in his article â€Å"Misguided minimum wage mandate† that raising the minimum wage will only result in loss of jobs. According to the editorial board at USA Today, â€Å" inflation adjusted income of the top 1 percent has grown by 58 percent and the remaining 99 percent has only gr own by 6.4 percent†. They then state that a raise to 15 dollars an hour onlyRead MoreMinimum Wage863 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage is a controversial topic because everybody wants more. People want more money and some think that just increasing minimum wage can increase more money that they get. However, this is far from the truth as sometimes employers can’t pay their employers more than minimum wage. Not to mention that if the minimum wage goes up so does the price of everything else in order to adjust for the new price. So essentially increasing the wage majorly does nothing except maybe lower the value of yourRead MoreMinimum Wage and Its Implications763 Words   |  3 PagesMinimum wage affects everyone. The current minimum wage is at $7.25 and President Obama announced that he wished to see a change in the minimum wage, he wants to raise the hourly wage to $10.10. A rise in the income of those who are employed will also raise the cost of hiring unskilled lab or and can potentially reduce the number of people hired by businesses. Also, if minimum wage is raised then the price of the products that the companies are making might increase which will continue the cycle ofRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1639 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum wage is one of the many microeconomic policies that serve to correct imbalance in the economy. It is defined as the lowest amount of remuneration required of an employer to pay his employees during a given period of work. There exist different laws in different states that can fix the minimum wage policy. A current economic issue is minimum wage, or specifically, its pertinence to social inequality. Many sectors of society would be affected by changes in this policy. Minimum wage relies on

Democracy The Best Option - 1540 Words

Introduction Authoritarian government is often defined as a type of political system that concentrates power in a single leader or in a small group of elite officials that are not constitutionally bound to the people in a society. These leaders, often military officials, aristocrats, party loyalists and even family members, consider themselves above the law and arbitrarily make decisions for the nation as a whole. Individual freedoms are completely restricted under the authority of the authoritarian leader and/or small group of elites, who ignore any opposing views unless considered a threat to the government or the country. These leaders consolidate control of the government and media to make decisions based on what they think is fair and necessary without consideration or consent from the public. Authoritarian political systems are often considered â€Å"repressive† or â€Å"domineering† in nature due to its disregard for citizen preference and resistance to public participati on in policy-making decisions. Despite these facts, some countries prefer authoritarian leadership over democracy. Democracy: The Best Option? Democracy is typically known as a type of government that is ruled by the people. Public participation in political matters, free and fair elections, citizen equality, and protection of citizen rights are the core principles of democratic political systems. Individual citizens, organized groups and institutions, elected officials, and governmental bureaucraciesShow MoreRelatedWhy Democracy is the Best Form of Government Essay1172 Words   |  5 Pagescohesive. As humanity advanced, governments obligingly followed. Although there have been hiccups from the ancient times to modern day, one type of government, democracy, has proven to be the most effective and adaptive. As quoted by Winston Churchill, democracy is the best form of government that has existed. This is true because the heart of democracy is reliant, dependent, and thrives on the populaces desires; which gives them the ability for maintaining the right to choose, over time it adjusts and fixesRead MoreGovernment Is Best , Autocracy Or Democracy1127 Words   |  5 PagesIn deciding which government is best, autocracy or democracy, one must first define their understanding of â€Å"best.† Should one be looking for structure, order, or longevity, then a reasonable response would be some variation of autocracy. However, if one is looking for a form of government which maximizes involvement from the general public and is flexible, then democracy may be a better option. Both autocracy and democracy style governments can be divided into further subcategories, such as a constitutionalRead MoreStrategic Partnership Agreement ( Spa )1599 Words   |  7 PagesThe US â€Å"Zero Option† for Withdrawal of Troops in Afghanistan As plans needed to be made to withdraw American troops from Afghanistan, President Obama proposed a Strategic Partnership Agreement (SPA) in May 2010 between the United States and Afghanistan. From the White House’s Fact Sheet on the agreement (2012), the goal of this agreement is to define what the US’s involvement will be with the Afghan Government beyond the end of the war. It was now 2012 and the President of Afghanistan, Karzai, wasRead MoreMontesquieu s Spirit Of Laws And Jean Jacques Rousseau s On The Social Contract1620 Words   |  7 Pagestheir interpretation of different forms of government converge on the sovereignty of a democracy, but that is where most of their common ground lies. While Rousseau shares similarities on the sovereign authority of a democracy with Montesquieu, he departs by arguing how regardless of government, sovereignty always rests in the hands of the people. He also disagrees on how the populace should participate in the democracy and on their representation in government, making his principles more relevant todayRead MoreDemocracy in the Middle East Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpretations of Islam and how the religion should be applied to politics and society. Over the last ten years, the United States and their allies have pushed to promote democracy in the Middle East. However, they too have many obstacles they must overcome. They face problems such as the compatibility of Islamic law and democracy, the issue of women’s rights, and there is always the problem of how to go about implementing a democratic reform in these countries. Many initially would assume that itRead MoreThe United States Lost The War1056 Words   |  5 Pageswe mustn t rush to another war. Clearly tension with the Soviet Union will suggest otherwise but this is why we must coexist and cooperate. In order to coexist and cooperate we must understand each other and remember we are all the same people, democracy or not. When faced with this decision of what to do in this scenario one cannot just simply think then and now. To decide on a matter as serious as this, one must think of the future and that is what this plan strives to improve. To coexist withRead MoreIs Democracy The Besy For Of Government?1298 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"IS DEMOCRACY THE BESY FOR OF GOVERNMENT?† What is democratic government? Democratic form of government is a sort in which all the societies of a state, have the equal power to elect their leader i.e. to select members by determining and voting through free and fair elections. Also the people have a say in any verdict. Principally ‘government of the people, by the people, for the people.’ The most key elements of democracy primarily are free and fair election and public liberty of opinion manifestationRead MoreThe Federalist Paper By James Madison1728 Words   |  7 PagesMadison said there were two possible options to remove the causes of factions; the first way is to destroy the liberty that allows for differences of opinions or the second option is to give every citizen the same opinions, passions and interests. The first option is worse than ever having the faction in the first place. It would be taking away a person’s right to liberty. As James Madison put it, â€Å" Liberty is to faction what air is to fire.† He believes that this option is worse than the disease itself;Read MoreThe War Of War And War1095 Words   |  5 Pagesto another war. Clearly the occurring tension with the Soviet Union will suggest otherwise, but this is why we must coexist and cooperate. In order to coexist and cooperate, we must understand each other and remember we are all the same people, democracy or not. When faced with this decision of what to do in this scenario one cannot just simply think then and now. To decide on a matter as serious as this, one must think of the future and that is what this plan strives to improve. To coexist withRead MorePlato s Views On Democracy845 Words   |  4 Pages shares his views on democracy using a fictionalized Socrates to outline the most pressing issues. Plato’s views on democracy are negative; he believes democracy to be bred from a response to inequality of wealth and to heighten all of humanities worst traits. Plato believes democracy leads to unequipped leaders who hold offices and power without the necessary traits and preparation. The main issue Plato has with democracy, as outlined in The Republic of Plato, is democracy has a uniquely level playing

Oracle Essbase Presales Specialist Assessment - 4453 Words

Oracle Essbase PreSales Specialist Assessment(Answer all questions in this section)1. Essbase structures data into natural business concepts in a multidimensional database. Mark for Review (1) Points | True (*) | | False | | | Correct. Essbase structures data into natural business concepts in a multidimensional database. | 2. Essbase can support only two different business models. Mark for Review (1) Points | True (*) | | False | | | Correct. Essbase can support many different business models. | 3. Communication between data sources and the metadata catalog with the middle and database tiers is done through which of the following? Mark for Review (1) Points(Choose all correct answers) | OJBC |†¦show more content†¦Mark for Review (1) Points | True | | False (*) | | | Incorrect. BI implementations can actually assist in identifying underlying data quality issues. | 13. What is the most important reason to consider all levels in building a BI business case? Mark for Review (1) Points | Because it helps in building a business case focused on efficiency improvements. | | Because Business Strategy directly determines infrastructure requirements. | | Because the levels build on each other can provide direct linkage from a customer s business strategy to the supporting infrastructure components. (*) | | Because clear definition of Management and Operational processes is not possible without an understanding of the customer s business strategy. | | | Correct. The most important reason to consider all levels in building a BI business case is that the levels build on each other, which can provide direct linkage from a customer s business strategy to the supporting infrastructure components. | 14. Which of the following statements is TRUE? Mark for Review (1) Points | An organization can best achieve significant competitive advantage by focusing on operational excellence, which can be described as smart, agile and aligned. | | An organization can best achieve significant competitive advantage by focusing on management excellence, which can be described as having lean and mean business processes. | | An organization can

Study the Role of Hacker-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the role of the hacker in different in different aspect of life bringing into consideration the ethical aspect as well as the non-ethical aspect of the hackers. Answer: Introduction The main aspect of the case study is to study the role of the hacker in different in different aspect of life bringing into consideration the ethical aspect as well as the non-ethical aspect of the hackers. The role of the hacker can be justified on various fields ranging from personal need like spying on someone to breaking into a companys database in order to access their client list and other important informations (Ibrahim, Hamlyn-Harris Grundy, 2016). Utilitarianism Theory Putting emphasis on the case study it can be stated that the role of hacker is playing a vital role in every aspect of life is it for their benefit or for the benefit of other person. It was noted that people across the world ranging from Sweden to Australia were using anonymously request of the hacking service. Some of the job related to it very legal and the other were not clear for example an Australian wanted to hack his rivals customer database. The white hat hackers are categorized in the good hackers zone, they are the computer expert who are mainly specialized in testing and other mythological aspects which is done mainly to ensure that the companys information system are secured from any breaches (Maqbool, Pammi Dutt, 2016). The job description that the hacker used in the description did not match or could not be linked to the information that would directly or indirectly reveal their identity. As stated by (Hausken, 2017) the different sites was in fact leaking information that was linked to the buyer in the prospective of their name and address to the job description. This would reveal the identity and their main motive behind hiring a hacker. This would make a potentially embarrassing effect on anyone and it made them think twice before hiring a hacker online. The people wanted to hire a hacker for many roles in order for their own benefit ranging from gaining access to their own account, some wanted to change their grade and some surprisingly wanted to spy on their spouses (Maqbool, Pammi Dutt, 2016). Deontology Theory A wife stated that she thinks that her husband is cheating on her as a result of which she wanted to hire a hacker in order to hack into her husbands Watsapp account. As a respond of which one person notability a hacker offered between $300 and $500 for the job and listed a username and a NSW home address (Berger Jones, 2016). An enterprise user from the Western Australia sought a semi unethical hacker to hack into the database behind the tertiary institute service centre for $100 to $1000. It was not clear that the hacking the web site was ever carried out or not. Virtue Theory The hacker itself is not related to the cost of anyone and thus hackers should be considered to be ethical, it was simply in order to help someone beat a flawed system to advance in the field of education was the common aspect according to the common people (Hausken, 2017). Hackers can be categorized as bad and good hackers (Ibrahim, Hamlyn-Harris Grundy, 2016). The white hat hackers are categorized in the good hackers zone, they are the computer expert who are mainly specialized in testing and other mythological aspects which is done mainly to ensure that the companys information system are secured from any breaches. These It security personals depend highly on the evolution of the technology in order to match with the battle of hacking (Maqbool, Pammi Dutt, 2016). A black hat hacker is a bad boy who is typically termed as just a plain hacker. The term is used in some part with respect to the hacker who breaks into a personal network or computer or is involved in creating computer viruses. The hackers in this category often manage different paths of least resistance whether due to laziness or human error. They can be further being divided into two parts or categories as active hackers and passive attackers. An active hacker is someone who takes the i nformation and modifies it according to their own requirement on the other hand a passive attacker just reads or obtains the message and uses it for its own benefit. The difference between an active hacker and a passive hacker is that an active attacker can be detected quite easily and a passive attacker is very difficult to detect because they do not do any sort of modification on the message and thus remain unnoticed.] Contract Theory According to the Australian law a person who commits the crime of hacking faces imprisonment between two and ten years depending upon the offence committed. If someone hires a hacker in order to do something but the person does not do anything or play any role in the activity both are liable for the punishment (Abbasi, Bahramian Salami, 2016). The type of job which is offered on the hackers list wont be of surprise to the professional IT security contractors who eventually draw the line at customer testing with the permission as opposed to their customers rivals. The threat intelligence team always gets a handful of calls each year from different individuals who put their query as to whether their account is being hacked or someone else is in the verge of doing so. Their put their request of investigation and on the other hand some want to break into others account as they believe that they are being targeted for reasons that can be personal as well as business related aspects (Youn g et al., 2017). Conclusion In some cases the information which is given to the hacker is not at all safe for safe. The hacker can retain the information and make use of the information in order to achieve their personal benefit (Brakerski Rothblum, 2017). The role which is played by the hacker can be varies in many instances depending upon the task they are appointed and the role they have to play in each context. The data which is given to the hacker can be used in the near future in order to detect the person (Trabelsi McCoey, 2016). It has been already been stated that if a person hires a hacker for some personal reason or to achieve a goal and the person does not play any role in it, but by the law the person is also liable for punishment and would be convicted of the crime. There are many hackers who play the role of a so called term ethical hacker. They are usually appointed by an organization in order to prevent their data and their system from the hand of the hacker. They play a vital role in every a spect of the organization (Abbasi, Bahramian Salami, 2016). References Abbasi, E., Bahramian, R., Salami, S. (2016). Ranking multidisciplinary industrial investment firms' performance Hierarchical method (AHP)(Case Study: Shasta companies, Ghadir, Omid, Social Security and National Development). Management, 3(8), 1-14. Abu-Shaqra, B., Luppicini, R. (2016). Technoethical Inquiry into Ethical Hacking at a Canadian University. International Journal of Technoethics (IJT), 7(1), 62-76. Berger, H., Jones, A. (2016, July). Cyber Security Ethical Hacking For SMEs. In Proceedings of the The 11th International Knowledge Management in Organizations Conference on The changing face of Knowledge Management Impacting Society (p. 12). ACM. Brakerski, Z., Rothblum, G. N. (2017). Adaptive security is a strong security notion that captures additional security threats that are not addressed by static corruptions. For instance, it captures real-world scenarios where hackers actively break into computers, possibly while they are executing secure protocols. Studying this setting is interesting from both theoretical and practical points of view. A primary building block in designing... Journal of Cryptology, 30(1), 289-320. Hausken, K. (2017). Security Investment, Hacking, and Information Sharing between Firms and between Hackers. Games, 8(2), 23. Ibrahim, A. S., Hamlyn-Harris, J., Grundy, J. (2016). Emerging security challenges of cloud virtual infrastructure. arXiv preprint arXiv:1612.09059. Manes, E. (2016). U.S. Patent Application No. 15/268,065. Maqbool, Z., Pammi, V. C., Dutt, V. (2016). Influence of Motivational Factors on Hackers and Analysts Decisions in Dynamic Security Games. In Advances in Human Factors in Cybersecurity (pp. 239-251). Springer International Publishing. Trabelsi, Z., McCoey, M. (2016). Ethical hacking in information security curricula. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education (IJICTE), 12(1), 1-10. Young, J., Campbell, K., Fanti, A., Johnson, S., Sells, Z., Sutter, A. (2017). The Development of an Applied Ethical Hacking and Security Assessment Course

Project Management Assignments Free Solution by Experts

Introduction The successful completion of a project depends upon the knowledge and skills possessed by the project manager in handling the project. The ability of the project manager to perform the entire task in a most appropriate manner would lead to the success of the project. However, the task of a project manager is not an easy one. It comprises of lots of complexities and difficulties, which need to be handle with great care. There are around nine project management knowledge areas and getting insight into each of them helps in the effective management of a project. However, it is not quite possible to gain knowledge about each of such nine project management areas, but expertise in one area would result into the achievement of huge successes in organization. As such, it should be the prime motto of an individual to acquire sufficient knowledge on any one of the nine knowledge management areas for the purpose of dealing with the project in a most effective manner and ensure the success of t he project (Warner, 2010). The given reflective journal is also concerned with the selection of one of the project management knowledge areas that I am learning about. The journal comprises of a brief discussion on chosen project management knowledge areas and its application in the organization where I work. The way in which the learning takes place from the chosen project management area and its application in the business organization is the prime concern of writing this reflective journal. The issues, complexities and the challenges that are faced while applying such learning in the organization and also the strategies that are adopted in resolving such issues also forms a major part of discussion in the given reflective journal. Finally, the major findings will be discussed highlighting the key learning that have resulted from the chosen project management areas. Project Management Knowledge Areas The project management discipline has nine major knowledge areas as per the PMBOK. These includes, project integration management, time management, scope management, cost management, quality management, human resources management, communication management, risk management and finally the procure management. Gaining insight into any one of the above mentioned nine project management areas will ensure the achievement of success in the organization (PM Concepts: Processes and Knowledge Areas, 2010). Among all the nine project management areas, the selected project knowledge management area for the purpose of learning is Project Human Resources Management. The human resources management is one of the most important areas of a project and the successful management of such areas would ensure high growth. However, management of human resources is a difficult task and it becomes more complex in case of large projects that involve large number of employees. The management of human resources requires lots of techniques and strategies such as motivation; compensation etc. depending upon the circumstances. This requires the project manager to acquire sufficient knowledge about the management of human resources, so that the better employees can be recruited and trained for effectively conducting the project. Learning from Project Human Resources Management The management of human resources of the organization is quite an important task as the efficient management of human resources would enable the organization to achieve competitive advantage over others. A HR manager needs to address various issues in the work place concerning the employees and as such, he/she needs to have sufficient learning about the various dimension of the Human Resources management (Wagen, 2006). As far as my case is concerned, I have also learned a lot and constantly engaged in acquiring more knowledge so that such learning can be applied for the overall competitiveness of the organization. There are lots of projects that need to be handled by me, and in the proper management of such projects, high level of knowledge concerning the project management human resources is essential. As I have been extensively involved in learning about the project HR management, important learning so far that I have gained includes the development of motivational skills in me. Big projects that have limited time period to complete require the motivation skills, so that the employees of the project can be motivated to generate the desired results. In addition to this, it is the HR manager who recruits the employees for the project. Thus selection and retention of quality candidates for the project has been the sole responsibility of the HR managers. All these responsibilities of a HR require pro per planning in advance. With respect to this, I have been developing myself to plan properly about all the steps that are essential for performing the role of a HR manager. Some of these include, planning the number of staffs required to effectively perform a project, the necessary skills required on the part of the staff, planning regarding the costs to be incurred in performing all these HR responsibilities etc. In addition to this, a recent complexity as faced by the HR manager includes the Diversity management at work place (Burke Cooper, 2005). Businesses are constantly expanding their operations across the globe and such circumstances leads to the employees from different background, cultures etc in the organization. As such, managing them has been the quite complex tasks for the HR manager and in case of big projects; such issues need to be handled effectively for better results. This has required me to acquire the skills that are essential for managing the diverse employee s in the project. I have been learning the ways through which such issues can be solved for the overall goodness of the project. In addition to this, I have also been learning to effectively manage the employees in the project, so as to achieve the milestones of the project on time and that too in an efficient manner. For this to achieve, I have been learning the ways through which compensation of the employees can be fixed with respect to each and every tasks of the projects, so that the milestones of the project can be achieved effectively and the project can be completed on time. Apart from the planning and the motivational skills, the other important skills that I have concentrated upon is to gain the Just in Time training skills. A proper knowledge of this skill would enable me to allocate the responsibilities of the project in a more efficient manner. It has been found that the project managers are often faced with the problem of matching the complexities of the project with t hat of the skills of the team members. The Just in Time learning would have been the proper way of handling such issues (Just In Time Learning for Project Human Resources, 2009). As such, I have almost learned about such skills and continuously focused on acquiring more knowledge concerning such skills. All these learning are quite effective for me in gaining an in depth knowledge of all the responsibilities of a Project Human Resource Management. Application of Learning in the Workplace The learning that takes place in me concerning the project HR management has been applied by me in the workplace as well. I have been assigned with a big project on thermal plant at my workplace. As it has been a large project, the first important task was to recruit skilled and efficient staffs that can effectively perform on the project. By the application of learning on the project HR management, I have been able to recruit talented staff to work upon the project. Further, such a big project also requires proper planning in advance in performing all the tasks effectively. The planning skills as I have developed helped me a lot in planning the crucial tasks of the project, but there have been lots of problems being faced by me as well in such a process of the project. In achieving the milestones that was set in the planning process, it was found that the team members were not able to meet the milestones within the time period allotted. As such, I have applies certain HR techniques such as attaching compensation with the productivity of the staff. This has found to be quite effective and there has been improvement observed in the productivity of the team members. This step to attach compensation with the productivity has motivated the employees to perform better which has been evident from the fact that the important milestones of the project has been achieved on time. Further, with the help of Just in Time learning, it has been quite possible for me to some extent to allocate responsibilities to the staffs as per their capabilities. But this has not been completely achieved as there were some of the staffs in the team who could have performed better in higher job responsibilities. Thus all the perception as made about the staff has not been up to mark with some of them have assigned the responsibilities which are beyond their capabilities. Thus, the application of Just in Time learning has not been quite effective with respect to the achievement of the projec t goal. Overall, the learning has been quite effectively applied and there has been further scope to enhance the learning in future major projects to be performed at the work place. Challenges in the Application of Skills at Workplace The Project Human Resources management skills as learned has been quite effectively applied in the workplace, but there has been lots of complexities that has been faced while making application of such skills. The major challenges as faced is that the theoretical development of various project HR management skills such as motivational skills, planning skills, compensation management skills, etc differs greatly from that of the practical application of such skills in the workplace. What has been learned is quite effective, but there are various other things that have to be considered at the workplace depending upon the circumstances. As learned, the compensation management strategy is effective enough in motivating the staffs to perform effectively in the project, but it is not completely suitable as evident from the project. In addition to the compensation management, there are various other benefits that have been provided to the staff for better performance in the project. These i nclude providing insurance facilities, realizing the team about the importance of their contribution in the project etc. Further, the assessment of skills and talent of the staff is not an easy task. It requires sufficient experience so that the allocation of responsibility can be done in an effective manner. Overall, there are lots of challenges that have been faced in the effective application of learning from the Project Human Resources Management. Techniques used to resolve the Problem There are certain techniques that have been used to effectively deal with the challenges as faced in the effective application of learning from the project HR management. In order to effectively manage the Just in Time skills, the senior HR executives of the organization has been consulted, so that his experience has been made use of while allocating the tasks of the project to the staff as per their expertise. Further, the staff of the project has also been interviewed in order to identify the major reason for the decline in their productivity. It was found that there were certain additions to be made in the compensation management techniques as used to motivate the staff of the project. This has led to the introduction of insurance benefits to the staffs, making them understand their contribution in the project etc. Overall, the techniques used in addition to what have leaned from the Project Human Resources management have been the major reason for the successful completion of the project. Conclusion There are various knowledge Project Management areas to learn about, but the area that I have chosen in order to strengthen my learning is the Project Human Resources management. The importance of Human Resource management have significantly increased because of the increased globalized activities on the part of the businesses. Further, the projects involves large number of teams that have to be handled carefully in order to attain the major milestones of the project and ultimately the goal of the project. The chosen project knowledge management areas has resulted into lots of learning in me which has also been applied to the work place where I use to work. The important learning developed as a result of such knowledge management areas includes the planning skills, motivation skills, Just in Time learning etc. The application of all such learning from the project knowledge management area has also been applied by me in a big project undertaken by me at the work place. Such applicatio n of learning was not an easy task for me as it involves lots of challenges such as the practical implication of the learnings from the knowledge areas differs significantly with that of the theoretical perspective. Further, there were certain other tasks to be performed in addition to what have learned while motivating the team mates in the project. There were certain other techniques and strategies that has been used in order to effectively face such challenges such as taking expert advice, interviewing with the employees to better understand their problems so that solutions can be made etc. Overall, the knowledge management areas as chosen has resulted into considerable learning and its application in the workplace has further enhanced my learning regarding the knowledge management area.

Platform Paper Essays - Educational Psychology,

Platform Paper In education, I believe I have seen it all. I have seen teachers who love what they do and would probably do it for free. I have seen teachers who, it seems, are punching a time clock and would not dream of working over forty hours a week. And lastly, I have seen teachers who undoubtedly must live at the school in which they work because they never leave the building before dark, no matter what the season. I have made friends, enemies, partners, and developed friendships with just about every person I have come into contact with in the field of education. I create friendships with all teachers because I believe it is in the best interest of children, and, because I want to make the difference in the life of a child. No matter what the intent of being in a school setting may be, there should be only one goal: making the difference in the life of a child. How often is this simple thought forgotten when it comes to the students' learning? As part of the educational system, my first concern is that of the children. For the first three years of my career, I have been fortunate enough to work for administrators who, I feel, had the same beliefs I do, a child-centered attitude. As they worked, I watched and I learned. I wanted to some day have the type of climate in my building as they had in their own. And, as I start to pursue my dream of being a building administrator, I often think I have the same desires as the wonderful building principals I have worked for. I want to create an atmosphere that matches theirs ? a positive place for students to learn, created by all the stakeholders of the district. PUTTING THE CHILD IN THE CENTER "One test of the correctness of educational procedure is the happiness of the child." The first and primary goal I would have as an administrator would be all to hold the belief that there are no disposable students. Some students may not learn how or exactly what we want them to, but at the same time, that does not make them disposable. "A large part of our population believes that many children are not fully educable. Trainable for a job, but not educable for the duties of citizenship and the things that are essential to a hood human life" (Adler, 1982). Having disposable children is a belief of some teachers because of how schooling has traditionally been delivered. A change in this thought process must be met by each and every adult the student comes in contact with during his or her schooling to ensure both his or her academic and personal development of every child. There should be one adult advocate for every child in the school, giving the student the feeling there is someone in his or her corner. In order for this to occur, students need to be actively involved in the learning process. "The (student-centered learning) environment provides interactive, complimentary activities that enable students to address their unique learning interests and needs" (Land, 1996). A major part of student-centered learning is the empowerment of the student to make choices concerning their individual learning. This style, in turn, would help students to feel valued and respected, which would also help with a student's self-esteem. Because of the environment created, students in the building, I hope, would feel more motivated to be actively involved in their own learning, and therefore, would be responsible stakeholders in their own education. In this educational environment, students would build stronger relationships with students and adults, and hopefully would help provide a sense of community in the school. WHAT KIND OF PROGRESS IS BEING MADE? "Schooling has traditionally been about people memorizing a lot of stuff that they don't really care too much about, and the whole approach is quite fragmented" (O'Neill, 1995). This is why I believe we "lose" some students in the educational process. If students were actively involved, were interested in what was being taught, and worked cooperatively with other students in a hands-on learning environment, more students would feel empowered by the opportunities they were given, and, they would respond in a more positive manner toward the educational process. "Learning by doing rather than by drill would lead the students to development, formation, integration, unification, continuity, progression, and especially growth" (Diggins, 1989). Progressivism, which was introduced in the United States and Europe in the late 19th century, is a collection

Free Essays on Bilingual Ed

The Education of Non English Speaking Students in the U.S. Growing up in a family where the dominant language spoken was Spanish, I remember feeling lost and separated from the kids at school who spoke mainly English. Even more so was trying to keep up in my academics when it was taught in a language I hardly understood or even worse, could speak. However, because of the close family I had at home, I remember being encouraged to learn the language as best I could because the idea remained that in order to succeed you must be able to effectively communicate in the English language. Albeit, I was a third generation American but the fact is culture is a important part of my families identity and even still today, Spanish is the dominant language spoken at my home. It wasn’t until around 3rd grade that my broken English became slightly understandable and I found myself excelling because I could understand and speak English better. For those first few years, I was enrolled in ESL or English as a Second Language classes. Enrolled in those c lasses were the worst because of the fact that kids would pick on us and we were seen as remedial students. It was in those days that I found myself determined to excel at English the best I could. For this, I was enthusiastic to write about education in America and how the debate between English only classes versus Bilingual Education has evolved. For the past several decades, Bilingual Education has been an ongoing debate throughout the United States but mostly in the states where there has been a growing boom in the minority population, mainly the Hispanic community. So with the increase number of minorities, most of which are non English speakers, a need to develop an educational system that meets the needs of this non English speaking community is and has been lacking during these past few decades. During these years, numerous systems have been tried and implemented, one of which is a practice of... Free Essays on Bilingual Ed Free Essays on Bilingual Ed The Education of Non English Speaking Students in the U.S. Growing up in a family where the dominant language spoken was Spanish, I remember feeling lost and separated from the kids at school who spoke mainly English. Even more so was trying to keep up in my academics when it was taught in a language I hardly understood or even worse, could speak. However, because of the close family I had at home, I remember being encouraged to learn the language as best I could because the idea remained that in order to succeed you must be able to effectively communicate in the English language. Albeit, I was a third generation American but the fact is culture is a important part of my families identity and even still today, Spanish is the dominant language spoken at my home. It wasn’t until around 3rd grade that my broken English became slightly understandable and I found myself excelling because I could understand and speak English better. For those first few years, I was enrolled in ESL or English as a Second Language classes. Enrolled in those c lasses were the worst because of the fact that kids would pick on us and we were seen as remedial students. It was in those days that I found myself determined to excel at English the best I could. For this, I was enthusiastic to write about education in America and how the debate between English only classes versus Bilingual Education has evolved. For the past several decades, Bilingual Education has been an ongoing debate throughout the United States but mostly in the states where there has been a growing boom in the minority population, mainly the Hispanic community. So with the increase number of minorities, most of which are non English speakers, a need to develop an educational system that meets the needs of this non English speaking community is and has been lacking during these past few decades. During these years, numerous systems have been tried and implemented, one of which is a practice of...

Aztec Success Essay Research Paper Aztec SuccessThe

Aztec Success Essay, Research Paper Aztec Success The Triple Alliance was a bond formed in 1482 between the metropoliss of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tacuba. We know the imperium they created as the Aztec Empire. Their reign included the conquest of many adjacent communities. The huge sum of land and people they reigned over caused many jobs because of the tremendous distances and fundamental agencies of communicating. This led to a particular sort of regulation where the distant metropoliss received discriminatory intervention to vouch their trueness. The testimonial system the Ternary Alliance set up was the anchor of their Empire, and it financed the of import spiritual festivals and the luxuries of the opinion category. The testimonial was collected from conquered lands and consisted of everything Mexico could bring forth and devour. The system was rather flexible and adaptable to the jobs of conveyance and the deficiency of an alphabetical authorship system which made rapid communicating troublesome. The ever-expanding conquerings created # 8220 ; a bureaucratic and economic machine of tremendous complexness that fed on a diet of testimonial, trade, and a changeless supply of sacrificial victims from near and distant lands # 8221 ; ( Fagan, 95 ) . The success of the Triple Alliance, in such a short period, came from the alone authorities it created, which incorporated a testimonial system capable of uniting the spiritual, political, and societal values of the clip. The development of the Aztec Empire occurred in an surprisingly short period. The Mexica were the last group to migrate to the vale of Mexico toward the beginning of the 13th century ( van Zantwijk, 40 ) . Their late migration left them moo on the societal graduated table coercing the Mexica to roll for many old ages seeking to happen a lasting colony ( Duran, 13 ) . They lived off the western shore of Lake Texcoco, at Chapultepec for a short clip, but this land belonged to the Tepanec people. In 1299 the Tepanec forced the Mexica to take safety to the South of the lake, on the outskirts of Culhuacan ( Leon-Portilla, 88 ) . The Tepanec sent them there trusting the toxicant serpents of the country would kill them. Alternatively, the Mexica ate the serpents. The Tepanec once more chased the Mexica out in 1323 and so the Mexica founded the site of Tenochtitlan, which was to go a great capital. Meanwhile, the Tepanec were constructing a great imperium in nearby Azcapotzalco. The Mexica s trived to go privileged members of the Tepanec imperium. Although Tepanec confined them to secondary functions, they managed to take advantage of this clip to develop themselves ( Gruzinski, 26 ) . In 1426, Tezozmoc the leader of the Tepanec imperium was succeeded by his boy Maxtla, who hated the Mexica. Soon war broke out between the two groups ( Duran, 61 ) . Texcoco, a adjacent metropolis, besides was at odds with the Tepanec, and so the Mexica, the Tecocan and Tlacopan formed the Ternary Alliance against the Tepanec. The Ternary Alliance formed what is today known as the Aztec imperium. The power of these three metropoliss defeated the Tepanec and took control of their land after a besieging enduring 114 yearss. Tenochtitlan, the Mexica capital, controlled the armed forces and tribute payments while Texcoco held authorization over juridical and cultural personal businesss. Tlacopan became a subordinate to Tenochtitlan and cover largely with external dealingss, like showing offic ial declarations of war for the imperium ( Van Zantwijk, 111 ) . After merely a little more than one hundred old ages in the Valley of Mexico, the Mexica became great leaders. In 1440 the emperor Moctezuma I came in to power. He was to be known as the male parent of the Aztec Empire ( Gruzinski, 31 ) . Moctezuma knew the importance of suppressing neighbouring lands to spread out the power of the Aztecs. The ageless conflicts that Moctezuma I began puting the basis for the success of the imperium. The conquest of neighbours # 8217 ; land was really of import to the endurance of both the Aztec Empire and the universe ( Davies, 42 ) . The testimonial payments gained by suppressing supported the authorities economically and provided the victims for the forfeits which the Aztecs # 8217 ; believed fueled the universe. The conquering of new lands was of import to Aztec faith and society because of the turning demand for worlds to give. The Aztecs believed that someday this universe or Sun would hold to stop. The lone manner to avoid the decease of the Sun was by giving it critical energy enclosed in the chalchiuhatl or # 8220 ; the cherished liquid # 8221 ; which keeps humanity alive, blood. This called for a uninterrupted supply of sacrificial victims, whose Black Marias and blood would be offered up to the Sun, giving the Sun the nutriment necessary to protract its life indefinitely ( Leon-Portilla, 101 ) . To do this possible, the Aztecs started a pattern known as the # 8220 ; flower wars, # 8221 ; periodic conflicts whose intent was to capture possible sacrificial victims. The Aztecs fought these pseudo wars with the people of Texcoco, Tlacopan, Tlaxcala, and Huexotzinco. Soldiers did their best non to kill oppositions but instead to take them alive for forfeit ( Duran, 348 ) . The Aztecs believed the continued being of the existence depended on them, if they did non feed the Sun the dark forces of the dark would destruct it. This gave the Aztecs a justification for all their conquerings. By repressing other people and cut downing them to feeders, they were recognizing a supreme mission ( Leon-Portilla, 102 ) . The Aztec province was therefore devoted to the impression of ageless war ( Davies, 51 ) . Due to the importance of war the Aztec Empire finally expanded to great lengths, stretching from the seashore of the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico and from Northern Mexico to Guat emala ( Fagan, 95 ) . The spiritual, political and societal demands of the community led to this enlargement. The Aztecs # 8217 ; conquerings were besides honoring because the testimonial system required the payment of goods in add-on to prisoners. The Aztecs required any conquered community to pay testimonial or revenue enhancements to the chief imperium in Tenochtitlan. The metropolis of Texcoco received an equal portion of this testimonial, but the control was in the custodies of Tenochtitlan ( Davies, 45 ) . The beginnings province that they distributed the testimonial in a 2:2:1 ratio. Tenochtitlan and Texcoco got two-fifths each and Tlacopan one fifth ( Coe, 171 ) . Tribute could dwell of many things, such as cherished rocks, plumes, chocolate tree, cotton, apparels, unrecorded animate beings, shells, corn, beans, fruit and much more. Gruzinski notes that # 8220 ; Several 10s of 1000s of dozenss of nutrient, more than 100,000 cotton garments, and an impressive 30,000 packages of plumes, and an impressive measure of cherished objects and rare animate beings constituted the testimonial paid in a twelvemonth # 8221 ; ( 44 ) . States that lacked groceries and apparels used people as testimonial, and their services were used for military or public work undertakings ( Fagan, 148 ) . Imperial governments supported local dynasties if they delivered their testimonial payments on clip ( Smith, 76 ) . The local dynasties included land granted to Lords and land controlled by calpullis, a group of households that controlled a territorial unit moving as a channel of goods and services to the province ( Fagan, 146 ) . The authorities imposed and linked societal position to the testimonial gross ( Brumfiel, 679 ) . At the underside were the common mans whose tribute payments supported all the Lords and calpulli ( Smith, 76 ) . Those who worked to supply testimonial received small benefit other so obscure promises of aid in times of dearth and war. Merely a few extremely privileged swayers and Lords enjoyed the full fruits of the trade and testimonial system ( Fagan, 125 ) . The construction of the testimonial system besides allowed the imperium to enroll big nu mbers of people in a short sum of clip. These recruits came from the calpulli and the people controlled by the Lords. This was a major factor in the success of the Aztec Empire. In most of the runs capable neighbours furnished big contingents to organize forces that a individual city state could non conceivably muster ( Davies, 42 ) . The Aztecs could penalize any community that did non pay testimonial about instantly because of the empire’s ability to mobilise military personnels from other feeders in a short clip. The Aztec Empire presided over a assortment of vassal provinces and tense political confederations which kept their ground forcess in the field every twelvemonth ( Fagan, 113 ) . The societal construction of the Aztec community complemented the authorities # 8217 ; s aims. Aztec life existed non for the person but for the group ; each member conformed to societal norms and contributed to the saving of the community and province through revenue enhancement, labour and, in war times, through military service ( Fagan, 138 ) . The authorities imposed the definition of an single # 8217 ; s societal position ( Brumfiel, 679 ) . Authority and testimonial flowed up and down a societal pyramid built on a solid base of close household ties, ancient line of descent connexions and communal ownership of land among the common mans ( Davies, 120 ) . The Aztec Lords consisted of two degrees: the secular bureaucratism of Judgess, functionaries and soldiers and the organisation of priests ( Fagan, 95 ) . Another of import factor that led to the success of the Aztec imperium was their alone construction of the authorities. The communities that they conquered merely felt the repression of the authorities through testimonial payments ( Davies, 41 ) . After suppressing lands the Aztecs left no fort behind, merely a revenue enhancement aggregator. Apart from the revenue enhancement aggregator the Aztecs respected local governments, establishments and traditions ( Gruzinski, 40 ) . The autochthonal swayers and Lords were left in topographic point, but were demoted to the position of center and lower rank functionaries ( Coe, 167 ) . The thought of transition was foreign to the peoples of Mexico. Sometimes the Mexica stressed the cult of their Sun God Huitizilopochtli, but they did non necessitate the conquered people to idolize him. The Aztecs maintained a comparatively peaceable relationship with the conquered by allowing them spiritual freedom. The Aztecs did non hold a regular ground fo rces to function as an busying force ( Gruzinski, 40 ) . Their lone communicating from the conquered towns came through the testimonial payments and merchandisers. The merchandisers sometimes acted as undercover agents for the Aztec authorities, and were compensated for any information refering rebellions in the conquered lands. The Aztecs were more interested in testimonial so appropriation ( Fagan, 130-131 ) . The construction of the authorities caused the different societal groups to experience of import so that there was small opportunity for rebellion. The dominant groups kept subservient groups under control by doing them responsible for some portion of the authorities. Each group had a defined topographic point and got satisfaction by overstating the importance of their function in the system ( van Zantwijk, 26 ) . The Aztecs divided the authorities operations among different cultural groups so that the province could work merely through their cooperation. The societal hierarchy relied on a web of societal and economic dependance that bound Lords and common mans to one another through duty of service ( Fagan, 179 ) . The supreme power ballad in Tenochtitlan and the emperor, nevertheless. The emperor # 8217 ; s place was based on familial sequence by election ( van Zantwijk, 25 ) . Rule depended non merely on force and panic but on personal qualities and model life styles. The maps of the hierarchies and their common relationships changed overtime harmonizing to the administrative, societal, economic and spiritual development of the society ( 74 ) . At first the people acquired rank through accomplishments but finally birth became the overruling factor ( Fagan, 137 ) . This progressively stratified society needed to keep the high degrees of testimonial to feed of all time more non-farmers ( 179 ) . The Aztec imperium faced two major jobs that blocked complete control: tremendous distances and fundamental signifiers of communicating. The imperium at its tallness consisted of Northern Mexico to Guatemala and from the seashore of the Pacific to the Gulf of Mexico. Not merely was this a huge sum of land, but it besides contained a assortment of clime and topography. To add to this problem, the Aztecs had no animals of load, so everything had to be carried on the human back. Messages could take hebdomads to make their finishs, doing communicating really hard. Besides, the Aztecs did non hold an alphabetized authorship system but relied on glyphs, ideographic representations ( Leon Portilla, 44 ) . These failings frequently led to revolts in conquered lands. However, these rebellions were few and easy put down. Since the Aztecs could bring forth a force from any of their tributary communities in a short clip, they could maintain their imperium in line ( Fagan, 148 ) . After such rebe llions the Rebels were crushed and so forced to pay even higher testimonials, non so much of measure, but value and trouble of supply ( 114 ) . The Aztec success at authorities can be attributed to their ability to command such a big district and population through testimonial and fright. The Ternary Alliance knew how to take attention of the populations of the Valley of Mexico. In exchange for warriors the Aztecs, granted the feeders portions of the war loot. Distant metropoliss received discriminatory intervention to vouch their trueness. The Aztecs entrusted others with guarding the frontiers, which exempted them from testimonial payments. The imperium # 8220 ; resembled an huge spider web, with the Ternary Alliance at its centre and a thousand webs linked through matrimony confederations, exchange of services, mutuality and extortion # 8221 ; ( Gruzinski, 42 ) . The whole construction was flexible and adaptable to the imperium # 8217 ; s altering demands. The Aztecs could non trust on efficient agencies of conveyance or an alphabetical authorship system, but they found ways around these troubles. The Aztec Empire was nil like a extremely centralized and totalitarian power, and this is what made it so successful. We can outdo depict it as a # 8220 ; sophisticated tribute-gathering machine # 8221 ; ( Fagan, 113 ) . Every facet of the Aztec imperial authorities was focused on two ultimate terminals: the eating of t-he Sun with the blood of sacrificial victims and the care of the power and prestigiousness of the emperor and the Lords ( 113 ) . Both terminals rested on the complex testimonial system of the Aztec authorities. Lynn Opulski Bibliography Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. # 8220 ; Consumption and Politicss at Aztec Huexotla. # 8221 ; American Anthropologist Sept. 1987 v89 n3: 676-679. Coe, Michael D. Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. New York: Thames and Hudson Inc. , 1994. Davies, Nigel. The Aztec imperium: the Toltec revival. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987. Duran, Diego. Aztecs: the history of the Indies of New Spain. New York: Orion Press, 1964. Fagan, Brian M. The Aztecs. New York: W.H. Freeman and Co. , 1984. Gruzinski, Serge. The Aztecs ; Rise and Fall of an Empire. New York ; Discoveries harry N. Abrams, Inc, Publishers, 1992. Leon- Portilla, Miguel. The Aztec image of ego and society: an debut to Nahua civilization. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1992. Smith, Michal E. # 8220 ; Life in the States of the Aztec Empire. # 8221 ; Scientific American Sept. 1997 v277 n3: 76-78. Van Zantwijk, Rudolf. The Aztec Arrangement.

LM2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LM2 - Assignment Example On the other hand, distress causes results from negative pressure on an individual. As described in the chapter, striking a balance involves operating under medium levels of stress so that one can prove maximally efficient. There are many causes of stress and acknowledging these will help an individual find ways of coping. Stress may result from interpersonal relationships with others (102). A manager should strive to maintain healthy relationships with employees to avoid interpersonal wrangles. This will require a level of emotional regulation and change of attitude for ‘â€Å"healthy attitudes† helped people to increase their tolerance for stress (109). Healthy social interaction encompasses the effort of all individuals involved. The manager should also ensure that the working environment and conditions foster good working relationships. Good relationships with workers can help a manager receive worthwhile social support, which in turn acts as a good remedy for any fo rm of stress. Attitude adjustment is a leading way to cope with different levels of stress. Attitude change in times of eustress can present an opportunity for a manager to develop resilience. Designing a good time plan can help a manager stay in good control of his time. ... All the entire processes of an organization from recruiting and training should help minimize any sources of stress within the organization. In addition to the above, a manager should strive to take charge of his life as one way of minimizing stress. Understanding the self and making the right decisions can help an individual to stay in good control of things and reduce stress. Moreover, taking good care of the self through a healthy lifestyle will keep one rejuvenated and ready tolerate any stress that comes his way. This is because the writer asserts that ‘lifestyle decisions play a significant role in influencing our physical health and well- being as well as our ability to cope successfully with the demands, challenges, and stresses of our work’ (107). Reaching out to people especially, friends, and family can help an individual stay in good shape enabling him or her to cope with stress. Preparedness will also keep a manager ready to handle anything that comes his wa y. Moreover, a manager should act proactively all the time in order to prevent occurrence of stress. According to Vroom & Yetton what are the five levels of participation in decision-making? Place an asterisk at the beginning of the one that is considered the fastest and put a number sign (#) next to the one that is considered the slowest in time to complete. As Vroom and Yetton described, managers may opt for any of the five levels of decision-making. The most critical question to address before settling on the best level is ‘are the decisions that we are making representative of the demographics of stake-holders?’ (142). Depending on the process involved in the option chosen, decision-making may take some

Characteristics of Business Leadership Research Paper

Characteristics of Business Leadership - Research Paper Example It is after this that Steve struggle with the board for directors and left for NEXT Company which is, a computer plat-form development firm that specializes in higher education and business markets. Apple Computer Company was invented and established by Steven Jobs and Wozniak who formed it in his won garage since there was a challenge in raising more funds for its expansion compelling the company to look for more funds and resources for its expansion. Another challenge was insufficient competent personnel, and in this case, the Apple Two companies began looking for an experienced and a competent executive who could help them manage its expansion (Linzmayer, 2004). Therefore, the success and the growth of Apple Company at that time were met severely by insufficiency of both human and financial capital. As a consequent, Steven Jobs encountered a personality challenge of indiscipline and temperament which adversely affected the relationship between him, his workers and the general soci al environment within the company which incapacitated him on the daily running of the business. This led to a decline in the output of the company resulting to a slump in 1980s. Leadership Styles Used By Steve Jobs Steven Jobs throughout his life depicted an autocratic leadership style which realized especially because of him not making any assumptions and down to earth leader. Moreover, based on his leadership and managerial style, he was not boisterous and thus, he understood clearly the need for strong personal relations (Arnold, 2012). Steve Jobs were also identified as a transformational leader due to the fact that he is passionate and enthusiastic about his work. He is also known for creating visions and injects energy and motivation into his stream to ensure effective management. Apple Company developed a competitive culture especially at the work place, and this was as a result of jobs competency. Jobs control extended as far as the structure and design of the company bus an d necessities such as food served at the cafeteria. Within the company, Steven Jobs practiced and encouraged the concept of strictness that resulted into greater accountability into the entire organization. This was carried out through the frequent meetings especially on Mondays with various executives to set the main objectives for the week (Beahm, 2011). Similarly, to put this in place, the executives formed some agenda and at the same time the meetings also reviewed each and every product that was under development. This therefore, led to high out put in terms of quality and competence among the employees in the organization. Employees were recruited into the firm as specialists and were assigned duties based on their specific abilities and strengths, and this also helped in making feel motivated as they enjoyed whatever they were doing in the organization (Young & Simon, 2005). As a result of honesty accountability and transparency, the organization started to enjoy the global m arket. Steve jobs was also strict and encouraged competent work among his employees hence this created an environment for competent work, producing quality products that sell easily in the global market encouraging Jobs to exert all his control over every aspect of the business. As a Consequent, Steve jobs encouraged a working culture whereby there was a devoted employer-employee relationship and rapport in areas such as communication between the management and the employees, problem

Essay --

It is widely known that in EFL learning situations, many students â€Å"exhibit fear of foreign language speaking† (Yaikhong & Usaha, 2012, p. 23). In Asian countries, EFL learners suffer even more in language classroom anxiety because of insufficient language environment. According to Scovel (1978), anxiety in language learning is â€Å"a state of apprehension, a vague fear† (p. 134). Such anxiety may exist in many aspects of language learning process. Language classroom anxiety is one of the most common concerns. Many researches showed that students’ classroom anxiety will greatly affect their language learning effect (Young, 1986; Horwitz & Young, 1991; Phillips, 1992; & Aida, 1994). For example, Wariyachitra (2003) stated that classroom anxiety will reduce students’ motivation in communication, and if students avoid interaction in English, they will not succeed in learning the target language. Arnold and Brown (1999) believed that anxiety might be the most important reason that causes obstruction of language learning. Another researcher Boonkit (2010) did a research in Thai, and the result revealed that the undergraduate students are not confident enough to communicate in English, even in language classrooms. These findings tell us many EFL students are lack of communication opportunities, which are very crucial to their language learning, because they dare not use the language. In the learning process, this classroom anxiety is the key element that causes students’ lack of confidence and poor language performance. In China, situations are quite the same. Reading, writing, even listening are always much easier for Chinese EFL learners, and Speaking is always the most suffering course. People don’t have chance to speak English in their ... ...age skills and cognitive abilities. Harris, etc. believed that students with speaking anxiety will â€Å"often avoid anxiety-producing social or performance situations†, because they don’t know how to change their negative response in such situations, if they cannot avoid such situations, the will suffer a lot (2002, p. 543). The problem is what will happen after they repeated suffering and practice? Can they improve themselves with proper training and sufficient practice chances? Few researchers have done investigation in this field. In this study, I will try to answer the following question based on previous researches and a survey: a) Can EPS tasks lead to EFL students’ language classroom anxiety reduction? b) Can EPS tasks lead to EFL students’ language public presentation improvement? c) Is there any relation between students’ anxiety level and language performance?

Baseball Stats

Appendix Data Set Howell and Huessy (1985) reported on a study of 386 children who had, and had not, exhibited symptoms of attention deficit disorder (ADD)—previously known as hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction—during childhood. In 1965 teachers of all second-grade school children in a number of schools in northwestern Vermont were asked to complete a questionnaire for each of their students dealing with behaviors commonly associated with ADD.Questionnaires on these same children were again completed when the children were in the fourth and fifth grades and, for purposes of this data set only, those three scores were averaged to produce a score labeled ADDSC. The higher the score, the more ADD-like behaviors the child exhibited. At the end of ninth grade and again at the end of twelfth grade, information on the performances of these children was obtained from school records. These data offer the opportunity to examine questions about whether later behavior can be predicted from earlier behavior and to examine academically related variables and their interrelationships. A description of each variable follows. †¢ ADDSCAverage of three ADD-like behavior scores †¢ GENDER1 = male; 2 = female †¢ REPEAT1 = repeated at least one grade; 0 = did not repeat †¢ IQIQ obtained from a group-administered IQ test †¢ ENGLLevel of English in 9th grade: 1 = college prep; 2 = general; 3 = remedial †¢ ENGGGrade in English in 9th grade: 4 = A, etc. †¢ GPAGrade point average in 9th grade †¢ SOCPROBSocial problems in 9th grad: 1 = yes; 0 – no †¢ DROPOUT1 = dropped out before completing high school; 0 = did not drop out The data are available at http://www. uvm. du/~dhowell/fundamentals7/DataFiles/Add. dat ASRIEEGSD DEEQ NN P0R DX PGG AC O S EL G PP C A RO TOU BT 45 10111232. 6000 5010102232. 7500 4910108244. 0000 5510109222. 2500 3910118233. 0000 6811 79221. 6701 6911 88222. 2511 5610102243. 4000 5810105311. 3300 4810 92243. 5000 3410131243. 7500 5020104132. 6700 8510 83232. 7510 4910 84222. 0000 5110 85232. 7500 5310110222. 5000 3620121143. 5500 6220120232. 7500 4620100243. 5000 5020 94222. 7511 4720 89123. 000 5020 93243. 2500 4420128243. 3000 5020 84232. 7500 2920127143. 7500 4920106232. 7500 2610137233. 0000 8511 82321. 7511 5310106232. 7510 5310109221. 3300 7210 91220. 6700 3510111222. 2500 4210105221. 7500 3710118243. 2500 4610103321. 7500 4810101133. 0000 4610101333. 0000 4911 95233. 0000 6511108233. 2500 5210 95332. 2510 7511 98211. 0001 5810 82232. 5001 4320100133. 0000 6020100232. 4000 4310107122. 0000 5110 95222. 7500 7011 97232. 6711 6911 93222. 0000 6511 81122. 0000 6320 89221. 6700 4420111243. 0000 6121 95211. 5001 4020106243. 7500 6220 83310. 6700 5910 81221. 000 4720115144. 0000 5020112233. 0000 5020 92232. 3300 6520 85221. 7500 5420 95323. 0000 4420115243. 7500 6620 91242. 6711 3420107143. 5000 7420102200. 6700 5721 86332. 2500 6020 96133. 0010 3620114233. 5000 5010105221. 7 500 6010 82211. 0000 4510120233. 0000 5510 88211. 0001 4410 90132. 5000 5720 85232. 5000 3320106143. 7500 3020109143. 5000 6410 75321. 0010 4911 91232. 2500 7610 96221. 0000 4010108232. 5000 4810 86232. 7500 6510 98220. 7500 5010 99221. 3000 7010 95211. 2500 7810 88331. 5000 4410111223. 0000 4810103212. 0000 5210107222. 0000 4010118222. 5000